What is PCOS

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting 10–13% of women of reproductive age, characterized by high androgen levels, irregular periods, and small fluid-filled cysts on the ovaries. It causes issues with ovulation, leading to infertility, acne, excess hair growth, and metabolic problems like insulin resistance.Key Aspects of PCOS:Hormonal Imbalance: Ovaries produce excessive amounts of androgens (male hormones), which disrupts the menstrual cycle and follicle development.Symptoms: Common signs include irregular or missed periods, acne, hirsutism (excess facial or body hair), thinning hair (male-pattern baldness), and weight gain."Polycystic" Misnomer: Despite the name, you do not need to have cysts on your ovaries to have PCOS. However, many small follicles (not harmful cysts) often form due to a lack of ovulation.Long-Term Health Risks: If untreated, PCOS increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and endometrial cancer.Causes & Management: The exact cause is unknown, but genetics and obesity play a role. It is a chronic, lifelong condition managed through lifestyle changes (diet/exercise) and medications for symptoms or fertility.